The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China has banned all of in-feed use of antibiotics from 2020, thus has stimulated researchers and feed manufacturers to look for safer alternatives. A variety of microbial species such as Bacillus, Lactobacillus, and Saccharomyces yeast are extensively used as probiotics in poultry production. Extracts derived from yeast cell wall has been demonstrated effectively to increase growth performance and immune responses in chickens.
Yeast cell wall consists of β-glucan, mannan, protein, lipid, and chitin, among which β-glucan accounts for about 29% to 64%, and 31% mannan, 13% protein, 9% lipid, 1–2% chitin, respectively. The main active components of yeast cell wall are β-glucan and mannan, early studies discovered that β-glucan and mannan from yeast cell wall can act on macrophages to stimulate the body's non-specific immunity. β-Glucan is a natural immune activator that can nonspecifically and specifically enhance the immune system with PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns).
1. Functions of Yeast cell wall for poultry
1）Adsorption of pathogenic bacteria, optimize the intestinal environment
The structure of mannooligosaccharides and the pathogen binding receptors are similar, which can competitively bind to the pathogen and prevent the pathogen adhesion. It can also be used as intestinal probiotics to promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in the hindgut and give full play to the barrier, nutrition and immune functions of probiotics.
2）Improve immune function, prevent disease and reduce antibiotic usage
β-glucan activates macrophages through LECTIN and induces cellular and humoral immune responses in the body, thus enhancing non-specific immunity and immune function.
3）Specific absorption of mycotoxin, reduce toxin harm
The special double helix spatial structure of yeast cell wall can provide multiple toxin binding sites to adsorb macromolecular toxins such as zearalenone and form a stable polysaccharide-toxin complex.
2. Applications for broiler
Enhance immunity, improve disease resistance
AA broilers fed diets supplemented with 1, 2 and 3kg/t yeast cell wall (YeaMOS, provided by Angel Yeast Co. LTD) significantly increased the serum level of Newcastle disease antibody (Wu XiaoHong et al., 2016).
Partly replace AGPs
Cobbe broilers were fed diets supplemented with 0.5, 1, and 2kg/t yeast cell wall (YeaMOS, provided by Angel Yeast Co. LTD) for 42d （WELLHOPE, Liaoning, China）. Compared with the blank control group, the 1kg/t supplemental group increased the final body weight by 9.45%, and decreased the F/G ratio by 1.23%; Compared with the antibiotic group, the final body weight increased by 5.24%, and the F/G ratio decreased by 0.62% (Guang Xiujie et al., 2020).
Improve the growth performance for broiler
A total of 93000 one-day-old Cobb broilers were randomly selected and randomly divided into 2 groups. The experiment group was supplemented with 1kg/t Yeast cell wall (YeaMOS, provided by Angel Yeast Co. LTD) for about 38 days. The performance of broilers in the experimental group are better than those in the control group. The average slaughter weight of was increased about 0.018kg; the average daily gain was increased 0.54g; the F/G was decreased 0.031; the survival rate was increased 0.256%; the final European index was increased 11.81, with an increase of 3.0%.
3. Applications for layer hens
Improve production performance of laying hens
The average egg weight of 17-week-old hy-line brown commercial laying hens was increased by 4.01% and 3.44% when supplement with 0.5 and 1kg/t yeast cell wall (YeaMOS, provided by Angel Yeast Co. LTD) in the diet, respectively. The feed to egg ratio decreased by 6.17% and 3.08%, respectively; The broken rate was reduced by 73.21% and 80.37%, respectively (He Miao et al., 2018).
Improve egg quality
A total of 71000 layer hens about 27~29 week old has been separated into two groups. The experiment group was supplemented with 1kg/t Yeast cell wall (YeaMOS, provided by Angel Yeast Co. LTD) for 24 days. And it is significantly increase selective grade and C-1 grade egg, and reduce small grade egg (Ukraine, 2018).
4. Summary
 | Published by Gong Fayuan Senior Engineer of Animal Nutrition Division |
About Angel Animal Nutrition:
Fubon is a brand of Angel Animal Nutrition. Fubon is committed to developing natural, efficient microbial feed derived from yeast with Angel's leading technology in yeast industry, providing the best service solutions for the nutrition and health in animals. Angel Animal Nutrition creates value for global feed and animal agriculture customers through continuously upgraded products and professional services.
About Angel:
Angel Yeast Company is a high-tech listed company specializing in yeast and biotech. Product business covers Yeast and Baking, Yeast Extract-Savoury, Nutrition & Health and Biotechnology fields. It is one of the world's leading companies in the yeast industry. Angel has 12 holding subsidiaries and provides products and services for more than 150 countries and regions.
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